All systems
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| System | Environment | Type | Status | Year | Mass (kg) | Traverse (km) | Power | Autonomy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ADRAS-J Active Debris Removal by Astroscale-Japan | Microgravity | servicer | complete | 2024 | 150 | solar | semi-autonomous | |
| Apollo Lunar Roving Vehicle LRV, Rover, Moon Buggy | Lunar | rover | complete | 1971 | 206 | 89.3 | battery | teleoperated |
| Asagumo | Lunar | rover | canceled | 1.3 | solar | teleoperated | ||
| AstroAnt | Lunar | rover | lost | 2025 | battery | teleoperated | ||
| Astrobee Honey, Bumble, Queen | Microgravity | free-flyer | operational | 2019 | 10 | battery | autonomous | |
| ATHLETE All-Terrain Hex-Limbed Extra-Terrestrial Explorer, Tri-ATHLETE, SDM-T12 | Lunar | construction | complete | battery | teleoperated | |||
| Beagle 2 PAW and ARM Beagle 2 Position Adjustable Workbench, Anthropomorphic Robotic Manipulator, PLUTO mole | Martian | lander-arm | lost | 2003 | 2.11 | solar | supervised | |
| CADRE Cooperative Autonomous Distributed Robotic Exploration | Lunar | rover | in-development | solar | autonomous | |||
| Canadarm (SRMS) Shuttle Remote Manipulator System, SRMS, Canadarm | Microgravity | manipulator | complete | 1981 | 410 | station-bus | teleoperated | |
| Canadarm2 Space Station Remote Manipulator System, SSRMS | Microgravity | manipulator | operational | 2001 | 1497 | station-bus | teleoperated | |
| Canadarm3 eXploration Large Arm, XLA, eXploration Dexterous Arm, XDA | Microgravity | manipulator | in-development | 715 | autonomous | |||
| Canadian Lunar Rover Canadian Lunar Rover Mission, LRM, CLR | Lunar | rover | in-development | 42 | solar | teleoperated | ||
| Chang'e-5 Sampling System CE-5, Chang'e 5 drill and scoop | Lunar | sampler | complete | 2020 | teleoperated | |||
| Chang'e-6 Sampling System CE-6, Chang'e 6 drill and scoop | Lunar | sampler | complete | 2024 | supervised | |||
| Chinese Space Station Remote Manipulator System CSSRMS, Tianhe arm, Wentian arm, CMM, EMM, 天和机械臂, 问天机械臂 | Microgravity | manipulator | operational | 2021 | 738 | station-bus | supervised | |
| CIMON Crew Interactive MObile companioN, CIMON-1, CIMON-2 | Microgravity | free-flyer | operational | 2018 | 5 | battery | supervised | |
| ClearSpace-1 ADRIOS ClearSpace-1, CS-1 | Microgravity | servicer | in-development | solar | semi-autonomous | |||
| Colmena Colmena-1, COLMENA | Lunar | rover | lost | 2024 | 0.056 | solar | autonomous | |
| CubeRover CubeRover 2U, CubeRover 4U, CubeRover 6U | Lunar | rover | in-development | 4.6 | solar | teleoperated | ||
| Curiosity Mars Science Laboratory, MSL | Martian | rover | operational | 2012 | 899 | 35 | rtg | semi-autonomous |
| Dextre Special Purpose Dexterous Manipulator, SPDM | Microgravity | manipulator | operational | 2008 | 1770 | station-bus | teleoperated | |
| Dragonfly New Frontiers 4 | Outer planets | aerial | in-development | 875 | rtg | autonomous | ||
| ELSA-d End-of-Life Services by Astroscale demonstration | Microgravity | servicer | complete | 2021 | 175 | solar | semi-autonomous | |
| ETS-VII Kiku-7, Orihime, Hikoboshi | Microgravity | servicer | complete | 1997 | 2550 | supervised | ||
| European Robotic Arm ERA | Microgravity | manipulator | operational | 2021 | 630 | station-bus | supervised | |
| FEDOR / Skybot F-850 Final Experimental Demonstration Object Research, Skybot F-850, Ispytatel | Microgravity | humanoid | complete | 2019 | 105 | battery | teleoperated | |
| FLEX Flexible Logistics and Exploration, Astrolab FLEX, CLV-1 | Lunar | rover | in-development | 950 | solar | supervised | ||
| FLIP Flexible Logistics and Exploration Pathfinder | Lunar | rover | in-development | 500 | solar | |||
| Galileo Probe | Outer planets | aerial | complete | 1995 | 337 | battery | autonomous | |
| Hayabusa2 Landers MINERVA-II1, Rover-1A, Rover-1B, MASCOT | Small body | hopper | complete | 2018 | 10 | battery | autonomous | |
| Huygens | Outer planets | aerial | complete | 2005 | 318 | battery | autonomous | |
| Infrastructure Pilot Excavator IPEx, ISRU Pilot Excavator | Lunar | construction | in-development | battery | supervised | |||
| Ingenuity Mars Helicopter, Ginny | Martian | aerial | complete | 2021 | 1.8 | solar | autonomous | |
| InSight HP3 Mole HP3 mole, Heat Flow and Physical Properties Package penetrator, PLUTO | Martian | drill | complete | 2018 | 0.85 | station-bus | teleoperated | |
| InSight Instrument Deployment Arm InSight IDA, Instrument Deployment Arm | Martian | lander-arm | complete | 2018 | supervised | |||
| Int-Ball and Int-Ball2 JEM Internal Ball Camera Robot, JEM Internal Ball Camera 2 System, IB2 | Microgravity | free-flyer | operational | 2017 | 3 | battery | supervised | |
| Iris Iris Lunar Rover, CMU Iris | Lunar | rover | lost | 2024 | 2.2 | teleoperated | ||
| JEM Remote Manipulator System JEMRMS, Kibo robotic arm, Main Arm, Small Fine Arm, SFA | Microgravity | manipulator | operational | 2008 | 780 | station-bus | supervised | |
| LEV-1 Lunar Excursion Vehicle 1 | Lunar | hopper | complete | 2024 | 2.1 | solar | autonomous | |
| LISTER Lunar Instrumentation for Subsurface Thermal Exploration with Rapidity | Lunar | drill | complete | 2025 | 9 | teleoperated | ||
| Luna Robotic Sample Return Luna 16, Luna 20, Luna 24, Ye-8-5, Ye-8-5M | Lunar | sampler | complete | 1970 | teleoperated | |||
| Lunar PlanetVac LPV, PlanetVac | Lunar | sampler | complete | 2025 | teleoperated | |||
| Lunar Vertex rover LVx rover, Lunar Vertex MAPP | Lunar | rover | in-development | solar | semi-autonomous | |||
| Lunokhod 1 | Lunar | rover | complete | 1970 | 756 | 9.93 | solar | teleoperated |
| Lunokhod 2 8YeL no. 204 | Lunar | rover | complete | 1973 | 836 | 39.16 | solar | teleoperated |
| MAPP Mobile Autonomous Prospecting Platform, M1 MAPP, Lunar Voyage 1 | Lunar | rover | lost | 2025 | 10 | solar | semi-autonomous | |
| Micro-Nova uNova, Micro Nova Hopper, S. P. Hopper, Grace | Lunar | hopper | lost | 2025 | 30 | solar | autonomous | |
| MINERVA MINERVA, MIcro/Nano Experimental Robot Vehicle for Asteroid | Small body | hopper | lost | 2005 | 0.591 | solar | autonomous | |
| Mission Extension Vehicle 1 MEV-1 | Microgravity | servicer | operational | 2020 | solar | supervised | ||
| Mission Extension Vehicle 2 MEV-2 | Microgravity | servicer | operational | 2021 | solar | supervised | ||
| Mission Robotic Vehicle MRV, MRV-1, Robotic Servicing of Geosynchronous Satellites, RSGS | Microgravity | servicer | operational | 2026 | solar | supervised | ||
| MMX Rover (IDEFIX) IDEFIX, MMX Rover | Small body | rover | in-development | 23.47 | solar | supervised | ||
| MoonRanger MoonRanger micro-rover | Lunar | rover | in-development | 18 | solar | autonomous | ||
| Opportunity MER-B, Oppy | Martian | rover | complete | 2004 | 185 | 45.16 | solar | semi-autonomous |
| Orbital Express OE, Orbital Express Space Operations Architecture, ASTRO, NEXTSat, OEDMS | Microgravity | servicer | complete | 2007 | solar | autonomous | ||
| OSAM-1 On-orbit Servicing Assembly and Manufacturing 1, Restore-L, Robotic Servicing Demonstration Mission | Microgravity | servicer | canceled | solar | supervised | |||
| Perseverance Mars 2020, Percy | Martian | rover | operational | 2021 | 1025 | 30 | rtg | semi-autonomous |
| Philae | Small body | lander-arm | complete | 2014 | 97.6 | solar | autonomous | |
| Phoenix Robotic Arm Phoenix RA, Icy Soil Acquisition Device, ISAD | Martian | lander-arm | complete | 2008 | supervised | |||
| Pragyan Pragyaan, Chandrayaan-3 Rover, Chandrayaan-2 Rover | Lunar | rover | complete | 2023 | 26 | 0.101 | solar | supervised |
| Rashid Rashid-1, Emirates Lunar Mission rover | Lunar | rover | lost | 2022 | 10 | solar | teleoperated | |
| RASSOR Regolith Advanced Surface Systems Operations Robot | Lunar | construction | in-development | 66 | battery | supervised | ||
| Robonaut 2 R2 | Microgravity | humanoid | complete | 2011 | 300 | station-bus | teleoperated | |
| Robotic Refueling Mission RRM, RRM Phase 1, RRM Phase 2, RRM3 | Microgravity | servicer | complete | 2011 | 250 | station-bus | teleoperated | |
| Rollin' Justin Space Justin, METERON SUPVIS Justin, KONTUR-2 | Microgravity | humanoid | complete | 199 | battery | supervised | ||
| Rosalind Franklin ExoMars rover, ExoMars Rover Module, RFM | Martian | rover | in-development | 310 | solar | semi-autonomous | ||
| Sample Fetch Rover and Sample Recovery Helicopters SFR, MSR Fetch Rover, Sample Recovery Helicopter, SRH | Martian | rover | canceled | autonomous | ||||
| SAMPLR Sample Acquisition, Morphology Filtering, and Probing of Lunar Regolith | Lunar | lander-arm | in-development | supervised | ||||
| Scarab Scarab lunar rover, CMU Scarab | Lunar | drill | complete | 280 | rtg | supervised | ||
| Sojourner | Martian | rover | complete | 1997 | 10.6 | 0.1 | solar | semi-autonomous |
| SORA-Q LEV-2, Lunar Excursion Vehicle 2, Transformable Lunar Robot | Lunar | rover | complete | 2024 | 0.228 | battery | autonomous | |
| SPHERES Synchronized Position Hold Engage and Reorient Experimental Satellites | Microgravity | free-flyer | complete | 2006 | 4.38 | battery | semi-autonomous | |
| Spirit MER-A, Mars Exploration Rover A | Martian | rover | complete | 2004 | 185 | 7.73 | solar | semi-autonomous |
| Surveyor Soil Mechanics Surface Sampler SMSS, Surveyor surface sampler | Lunar | lander-arm | complete | 1967 | 9.1 | teleoperated | ||
| TAGSAM Touch-and-Go Sample Acquisition Mechanism | Small body | sampler | complete | 2018 | autonomous | |||
| TENACIOUS Tenacious micro rover, ispace-EUROPE micro rover | Lunar | rover | lost | 2025 | 5 | solar | teleoperated | |
| TRIDENT Regolith and Ice Drill for Exploration of New Terrains, PRIME-1 drill | Lunar | drill | complete | 2025 | 26.5 | teleoperated | ||
| Venera Landers Venera, VeGa | Extreme env. | sampler | complete | |||||
| Viking Surface Sampler Viking Surface Sampler Subsystem, VSSS, Viking sampler boom | Martian | sampler | complete | 1976 | 12.7 | teleoperated | ||
| VIPER Volatiles Investigating Polar Exploration Rover | Lunar | rover | in-development | 450 | solar | supervised | ||
| YAOKI Yaoki, Dymon YAOKI | Lunar | rover | lost | 2025 | 0.498 | teleoperated | ||
| Yutu Jade Rabbit, Chang'e-3 rover, CE-3 rover | Lunar | rover | lost | 2013 | 0.1148 | solar | teleoperated | |
| Yutu-2 Jade Rabbit 2 | Lunar | rover | dormant | 2019 | 135 | 1.6 | solar | supervised |
| Zhurong | Martian | rover | dormant | 2021 | 1.9 | solar | supervised |